Chinese evergreens (Aglaonema commutatum) are popular houseplants due to their ease of care and adaptability to indoor environments. Their attractive foliage, which comes in a variety of color combinations, including shades of green, silver, red, and cream, makes them a great choice for brightening up any indoor space.
Light and Placement
Chinese evergreens thrive in indirect light. Darker green varieties can tolerate low-light conditions, while lighter, variegated types require more bright, indirect light. Avoid exposing the plant to direct sunlight, which can scorch its leaves. If placed outdoors during warmer months, gradually introduce it to brighter light over time.
Soil Requirements
Well-draining, slightly acidic potting soil is ideal for Chinese evergreens. If the soil retains too much moisture, you can improve drainage by mixing in sand or perlite. A reliable combination is standard houseplant potting soil mixed with perlite to maintain optimal soil conditions.
Watering
Chinese evergreens prefer their soil to dry out slightly between waterings. Only water the plant when the top inch of soil is dry. During cooler months, you can reduce the frequency of watering. Be cautious not to overwater, as these plants do not tolerate soggy soil, which can lead to root rot.
Temperature and Humidity
The ideal temperature range for Chinese evergreens is between 65°F and 80°F. They do not tolerate temperatures below 55°F and should be kept away from cold drafts or fluctuating temperatures near windows or doors. High humidity is beneficial for this plant. To maintain adequate humidity, consider placing it in a room with naturally higher humidity, like a bathroom, or use a pebble tray to increase moisture in the air. A small humidifier can also help if the indoor environment is too dry.
Fertilizing
Chinese evergreens benefit from regular feeding during their growing season, typically spring and summer. A slow-release fertilizer or a water-soluble houseplant fertilizer applied every month or two will promote healthy growth. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can damage the plant.
Types of Chinese Evergreens
There are several popular cultivars of Chinese evergreens, each offering unique color variations:
- ‘Frasher’: Features milky green leaves with cream variegation and white petioles.
- ‘Pseudobracteatum’: Leaves are splashed with green-gray splotches and white-veined highlights.
- ‘White Rajah’: Broad areas of white dominate the foliage.
- ‘Red Zircon’: Green leaves with distinctive pink blotches at the center.
- ‘Silver Bay’: Green leaves tinged with silver in the center.
- ‘Maria’: A shade-tolerant variety with dark green leaves and silvery stripes.
Pruning and Maintenance
To keep the plant looking its best, remove any dead or discolored leaves by cutting them close to the base. This promotes healthy growth and maintains its aesthetic appeal. If the plant becomes leggy, trim the stems back just above the 4th or 5th leaf node to encourage new growth closer to the soil level.
Propagating Chinese Evergreen
Propagation can be done through stem cuttings or by dividing the plant during repotting. Stem cuttings should be several inches long and placed in water until roots form, after which they can be potted in well-draining soil. Division involves separating clumps of the plant during repotting and replanting them in separate containers.
Potting and Repotting
Chinese evergreens typically need repotting every two or three years or when roots begin to grow out of the bottom of the pot. A slightly larger container, about 1–2 inches wider than the current one, is ideal to prevent overwatering issues. Any pot material can work, though ceramic or clay pots are commonly used for their decorative appeal.
Common Pests and Diseases
While Chinese evergreens are not prone to many pests, they can occasionally be affected by houseplant pests such as scale, mealybugs, or spider mites. Neem oil can be used to treat these infestations. Overwatering may lead to root rot or fungal infections, so it’s important to monitor the plant’s moisture levels.
Common Problems with Chinese Evergreens
- Curling Leaves: Caused by fluctuating temperatures, low humidity, or underwatering. Increase humidity levels and ensure the plant is kept in a warm, stable environment.
- Burnt Leaves: Direct sunlight can cause leaf burn, leading to brown, dry edges. Move the plant to a location with indirect light.
- Yellow Leaves: This usually results from overwatering. Ensure that the soil dries out slightly between waterings and use a well-draining potting mix.